Alta exists because of the Central Pacific Railroad.

In 1866, the Central Pacific line cut through this region.  Alta was established as a station.  Its purpose was primarily as a passenger and freight depot for nearby Dutch Flat.  The community received the name Alta, it is believed, from the leading newspaper of the day – The Alta Californian – which was a strong supporter of the transcontinental railroad.

Alta featured one of the best hotels along the line.  It was the Banvard Hotel.  Alta also had stores, saloons, and residences.  On the outskirts was the flourishing Towle Brothers Lumber mill, which conducted the largest timber operation in the region.  Its mill could process 50,000 feet of lumber each day.